Random variables cause much confusion in AP Stats. You can find a
brief overview as Number 7 on Jared Derksen's FAQ list. For
greater depth, Peter
Flanagan-Hyde has a nice
article at AP Central comparing algebraic variables to random
variables. You may or may not find a formal definition of "sum of
two random variables" helpful. Your students probably would not
and in fact even few mathematical statistics textbooks attempt
one. Once we manage to add two random variables, we may be
interested in computing the mean or variance of the sum. See Dave
Bock about that.